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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 % T5 ^# V% b7 E' ^) V0 l* v: ?
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688( J$ p+ G3 h' G& M
7 n4 E' I9 O4 U: y* z9 jJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
" s0 [- W7 M3 m6 z4 C9 gYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of3 l; k& Z# V& v0 L% F1 I
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China./ G, X8 p* Y5 @1 \ K6 F
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
; `/ D5 Y p* U2 a& E! F x9 E" EFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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* i! M b7 h" U" u3 p3 _6 D6 [Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .8 I- R. k4 O5 s- C1 Y' o
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018. t! D* q1 ^7 D* ?) v% y
Published online 26 January 2018# D* N* n g2 g# H
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^) N% `2 T7 j1 TAbstract
5 H! m+ w. D6 o! NJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing1 w. G# e" W2 I9 Y
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The- `, e2 b" h, y/ ?2 z
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been, |9 l& k5 Y6 E
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
7 g5 F4 l4 N: h7 bonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific! ^# N0 _: B, T! x6 i2 m0 o) Y( ~
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
, |, B& X: A) [; l1 I9 lto the standardization of the scientific terminology
7 K5 a' Q5 K' e c x4 O* Ptranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
9 s6 W! Q- U; E& t& o1 _scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,/ ~& H+ ~& Z' _4 q, J: n5 |
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the2 U8 ^5 Z! L) m, d7 U+ L. M
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
+ _5 H% s+ F1 n7 {! H! R) J% ?in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien g% |, j$ |: b, K; M- N; X& Q4 A* W
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
9 g- `4 T6 k7 Y, v9 ?/ Qof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
* [, j. I& K3 [: cthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way( H( X) {! o3 T
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and) e; ]' j( y) @: u9 e# s6 r
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
' j. s1 S8 {2 ?+ i, v! D( Xgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
9 T! v# s5 ~* n& b- {0 t7 F5 ^terminology. m) z+ I }5 F
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
3 l7 T! F6 e5 c# G3 C$ qStandardization of terminology translation( f5 o1 z/ S9 M; X N" g T
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to5 ?4 N5 w# g5 |/ {; K
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern1 A4 s0 x9 A5 ^) ~) C/ r& n; V8 |- R
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available( c3 N8 l1 M) N$ i* K) Q% e+ f
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213 i3 p5 o8 F$ Q, x+ F1 ~
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213( k1 K2 a$ K1 _2 |0 e
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& W# x& Y) _: Z+ [7 c EINTRODUCTION: W/ f) w& g: A1 G) E O8 [5 W
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
+ ~1 E( w5 J3 O8 _a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
( z* y9 z. p% Z4 ZDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
2 _5 ?& D# F) X9 w) yHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
( n3 K2 l8 |* kSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
% z0 C1 K# u3 Xby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
5 K. F( Q1 W+ X7 L' Xan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on' V- ^$ v) Z7 u! p
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-- I" H8 P( X, X( v4 m& O1 N: g
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
, T! L& V1 S/ e8 k2 Jworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
^/ u3 g& O* e- V; l YFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
2 g9 c* }2 A, J) K- f, |Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated- L9 o) o, J1 Y' G; _) O& e. B
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
4 X8 g3 Q2 g% s v, n1 J% ]1 }! jwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,* M& Z; d/ R5 R& r
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
8 x& e5 s$ R8 m c7 }/ pFryer translated more than one hundred of Western: D- i1 c4 e; ~/ m) h* V- W. z
books that made him the most productive one among the$ v3 F1 [% n' v' {# B8 k- e0 ?& a
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
; ^/ h, r; o9 y' |, Ttranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a: U7 N8 _6 P$ |7 q1 j( x
noble work which could help accelerate the process of1 m/ ], y9 H" u9 O9 h! W$ C
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).+ X Z) F, B: @7 G
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
# p& [* q* c& Y) D% Falso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
1 Q* K! {9 ?8 v6 f8 U4 pscience and the standardization of translated scientific
6 l4 e2 g" F+ O0 Gterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
( V. x3 c3 V5 J' p! F; j/ jmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the$ K/ J3 `3 X z; O5 F; F/ S8 _
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another. n# F) ] _0 W
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series3 N" B, E$ _. w- z
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
/ j7 z" o; z$ qModern China.
, T, S/ _+ f$ u2 w. a1 PAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published/ _# d" P2 s; t: F% f$ y: f; S! d
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of) ]( h6 F: \5 w% b- O( \+ x
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
( _* @+ d v. b9 r2 Z% da lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In) ?, \' \ i7 [( E
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
! N+ z: Y, e' M* LTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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