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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 - C6 L) q6 p/ C3 r
C5 f$ m( b8 z* i1 Z, K; D* Qhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106888 W3 T, E; I7 c1 ^( M
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China3 G/ b, G% s4 B/ n8 t7 P
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 |- j$ V5 p0 Z0 L, b" Y; V( u
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.: k4 l8 f1 h2 Z
) [1 I4 s" ^7 [: pLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
3 N% s; c& T1 C+ s% L, Z0 K n2 aFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .: o7 H2 o2 [6 ?- p4 A( h" X
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
! Q# @% D4 G, l# C' ]8 gPublished online 26 January 2018; }9 Q/ z" A- o' x
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Abstract$ C; y) H5 K$ N, v% {
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
; [$ c! k3 P* Y4 w. M h$ {9 nDynasty who came to China and was employed by The5 B5 {# F/ L, P0 i* I
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
' Y2 q# g3 p" zengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
% P, L1 x d. k e B* ionly having translated a great deal of Western scientific' e7 @) z; ~3 \' g. \
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
# M! w( U4 ]0 ito the standardization of the scientific terminology
8 s/ C" j/ M9 g8 G: Ftranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
/ G0 h7 ^, Q, C# o! [* q9 j4 lscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,( A1 i7 s! x! |0 a
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
% E8 J, s+ w& L9 `3 s) Xstandardization of the scientific terminology translation4 ^9 G6 ]4 p+ x
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
2 }8 `! G2 m. H2 u& X6 E0 ihe established had helped greatly with the popularization7 ^# `" T; r- @: Z2 x: j
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring8 b; j9 ]7 F5 \$ G: K
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
* }) S. _* ?; Z7 g7 P2 l8 ofor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and5 n4 m# T1 A# y9 |# u4 }, g
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
7 u$ m# r& |) O6 C" Igreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific6 o/ Z6 S' }3 a0 o
terminology.
8 O4 B6 \+ M7 l( `) W$ xKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
; Z' n! n- F- w7 ]2 jStandardization of terminology translation
. }# N" J: j" l" |5 nYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to9 p2 X0 O3 I* G, V
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern" h( N: r- q. Y( a/ Z
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available- L* F, b. s7 J+ X2 e4 ]
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
6 ]: W" L. p: i: i7 b5 y0 KDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
' ~8 r3 S8 @2 t I& y' m& ]John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and9 ]4 v1 s+ _9 m) u" K. O) H
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).% i) }% Q. x+ K8 l
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
, P. F( O# V( k# G9 c8 OHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of# H0 ]$ C9 e9 c
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed9 v" v1 ^( A' K% X% g* p l0 D( r3 R
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as, W' }7 g1 Q+ K; H# P" y( _
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
* U3 T/ b* o) u" shis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-- l* {! O7 r; B4 {7 ~$ T/ Y
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific) g" @5 `# W' s) W5 T3 _8 v# z
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,( d1 c2 ?/ u% _1 g
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
; T1 H+ b) s4 Z6 T% `Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
0 |7 s/ s6 ^, @to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant, }: @2 {7 |; M8 J
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,/ x) ~, _& u. R( T: J% `6 T3 D
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,# I& T% w- O+ @% o" t
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western. [) U" p4 b. ?9 l
books that made him the most productive one among the% Z) F! Q4 l# j. }1 t- F9 ]' B
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
. h6 p6 J- Y: C! ^% O' h7 \! @translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a1 j& m4 ^5 ^3 {6 E6 D
noble work which could help accelerate the process of* A) T: M; [ ]1 I
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).( p; J1 ?$ i1 Z Q9 ]5 ]8 [
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer. W7 q- g/ H# |8 f5 F
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western6 ^; V- Q: G7 h+ `) C2 z* o# ^
science and the standardization of translated scientific
/ E- d. S3 i% K( Sterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific. B& Z2 h0 w* C R8 H. }
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the: @( H) q! Z8 r: i& D! X
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
- V# a9 Q6 `$ L; C' g9 Dcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series# m3 t2 p0 H" e. i; E% F
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in- ^/ E) a/ [; ^- [
Modern China.% |" l/ p& S' T3 _& i8 E) Q
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published5 x; K0 k7 k! c2 F" ] M
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of0 D- b! z; s3 M$ i9 h
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing, l1 ^9 r! \3 t
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In; _3 G) K6 B! W' }5 @4 S* y6 M
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
8 S! m- u6 ?% V) u* X1 XTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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